Cities of the Fertile Crescent

General map of major cities between the Tigris and the Euphrates, known as the Fertile Crescent. Some of the best farmland of the Fertile Crescent is on a narrow strip of land between these rivers. The Greeks later called this area Mesopotamia, meaning "between the rivers." Many different civilizations developed in this small region. First came the Sumerians, who were replaced in turn by the Assyrians then the Babylonians. Today this land is known as Iraq.